Process of making shoes for pneumatic tires.



PATENTED JAN. 1, 1907 J. W. HYATT. PROCESS-OF MAKING SHOES FOR PNEUMATICTIRES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.19,-1905.

. 2 SHEETS-SHEETi.

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PATENTED JAN,, 1, 1907.

-J.'w. HYATT. PROCESS OF MAKING SHOES FOR PNEUMATIC TIRES.

APPLIO TION FILED AUG 9 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PROCESS OF MAKING SHOES FOR PNEUMATIC TIRES- Specification of LettersPatent.

' Patented. Jan. 1, 1907.

Application filed August 19, 1905. Serial No. 274,939.

To all whmn it may (OH-(.Rlfld Be, it known that 1, JOHN WESLEY HYATT,

a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at 141 Commerce street, Newark,county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Processes of Making Shoes for Pneumatic 'lires,fully described-and represented in the following specification and theaccompanying In the present invention the coils or circular strands insuch a trough-shaped shoe are first wound into the required troughshape, the coils at the edges of the trough being necessarily of muchsmaller diameter than those at the middle, and on account of thedifference in the diameter peculiar meansis required in applying thefilling to connect the strands.

In the presentinvention the trough is flattened upon a transverse line,and the coils are connected upon such line by a sewing or weavingoperation which inserts the filling. Endless wire rings may be connectedto the marginal warp-coils by the filling during the application of thefilling. The middle portion of the war is during theapplication of thefilling ,fed 'orward faster than the edges in the same proportion thatthe diameter of the shoe at the middle exceeds the diameter at theedges.

A strong filling is formed by a gang or row of needles operatedsimultaneously in a socalled zigzag-sewing.maehine, such as is describedin my-Patent N 0. 708,480, granted September 2, 1902, and to facilitatethe supporting and feeding of the warp-coils when applying the fillingthe cord to -makc the warp is preferably saturated with an adhesivecomposition of character suited to stiffen the warp-coils and to cementtheir adjacent edges together. Such saturated cord is readily coiledupon a former of suitable shape and when sufficiently hardened orsti'flencd forms 1 a' unitary structure which is readily handled andsupported during the sewing operation; To sew the warp coils or strandswith zigzag stitches, the strands are separated progressively by a combupon a line across the. fiattcned portion during the sewing operation,the cementing material being preferably softened by a jet of stcanralongsuch line during the progress of the sewing.- which permits all of thestrands or coils to remain cemented together until just before theyaresewed, and thus cause the shoe to feed forwardas a unit until thestrands arc thus separated and immediately joined by the zigzagstitches.

The invention will be understood by reference to the annexed drawings,in which Figure 1 is an elevation of part of a zigzagsewing machine withthe flattened shoe beneath the needles. Fig. 2 is a plan of the feedingdevices, with part of the stitches omitted on the sewed warp. Fig. 3 isa crosssection of a tire-shoe drawn upon a scale twice as great as Figs.1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section 'of the sewing-machine fixturesupon the same scale as Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the war inreadiness for sewing; and Fig. 6 is a diagram, partly in section,showing the means for winding the saturated warp. Figs. 5 and 6 aredrawn upon a scale one-half as great asFig. 4. Fig. 7 is a crosssectionupon the same scale as Fig. 4 of one edge of the warp-former with thewarp=guide thereon.

Referring to Fig. 6, A designates the warpformcr, and B the vesselcontaining "the inelted,composition for saturating the warpstrand (.7,whichunay be made of a single twisted cord, or, as shown in the figure,of a group of snail cords C, which are more readil y saturated by thecomposition.

Metallic guides with an elastic base D, having prongs to forinexteriornotches E, are shown upon the exterior of the forner A in Figs.6 and 7, and the Warp coils or strands wound in the notches in Fig. 6,the guides serving to hold the strands in position with their adjacentsides in contact between the guides until the strands have hardened bythe cooling of the composition, which also operates to cezncnt the edgesof the strands together and form. a unitary warp.

l A conposltion like printers ink-rollers is i easily softened by heatand rapidly chills l. upon cooling, and the cord or cords may be readilysaturated with such heated coinpovessel B and then through a die G uponthe 1 edge of the vessel to remove the surplus coinl position.

l sition by drawing it beneath a roll- F in thesewing-machine table withthe tension and The cord for the strands, whether twisted or grouped;may form all the coils continuously and spirally by winding itsuccessively in the adj a'ceritnotches E of the guides upon the former,and the ends of the cord'are in practice extended one past the other forabout twelve inches, and the sewing cor.- menced intermediate to theseends. The

coils forming the left-hand half of a warp' S are shown upon the formerin Fig. 6, the

- remaining half of the coils upon the front side of the former beingbroken away to show the guides having the notches E. The former isin'practice made with a center por-. .tion (A in Fig. 7) which can bedrawn out and with marginal sections which collapse when the center. istaken away, which perroits the former to be entirely withdrawn from; thewarp when sufficiently stiffened.

When the former is removed from the trough of the warp, the flexiblebase of each guide (which is preferably made of sheet metal) can be bentinwardly to retract the prongs which form the notches E, and the guidesare thus removed from the warp, leaving all of the strands adherent toone another excepting the short openings e, ferried by the prongs.With-a suitable composition the warp is now held secnrely in trough.

shape until the filling can be applied to con-. 'nect the strands, whenthe composition may be dissolved or removed from the warp by boiling inwater The warp when removed from the former exhibits the appearanceshown in Fig. 5, with the strands cemented "together by a compositionthat is suiiicientlyfiexible to permit the flattening. of the shoe for acertain portion upon the sewingonachine table, as shown in Figs. 2 and4. Fig. 2 shows at S the normal width of the warp and MS the widthproduced by I nor1r.ally toward one side of the guide by a eyef spring11'. A row of needles a is fixed to a carnor 0, which is movable acrossthe bottom of the needle-bar and reciprocatcd by a can). N, lever P, andlink Q. (Shown in Fig. 4.) The ltidik carries a stud Q, fitted within anpen the end of the carrier "0, and is thus eiiabled to reciprocate thecarrier as the needle-barmoves up and down. The needles in their descentpass, as shown in Fig.

- 4, into agroove i in the bed I, and the loops d of the sewing-threadsg are engaged by a loopere, which connects all of the stitchingloops uon a' lock.thread, as fully set forth in my atent No. 708,480. A presseror tension bar it is'shown extended across the flattened portion of theWe. at one side of the table I and pressed ownwardly by springs h, whichare adjusted by nuts 7' to vary the pressure and tension and providedwith the passage t for supplying steam-jets. At the.opposite edge of thetable a spindlesha ed feed-roll 7c is mounted and is rotated uni ormlyduring the sewing operation bya driving-wheel l- The roll has a convexsur 'face, as shown in Fig. 1, which gives it a greater diameter. at themiddle than at the ends and is so roportioned as to feed the middleofthe attened warp at a greater speed than ,the edges and in the sameratio as the center of the in art exceeds in diameter the edges.

An elastic pressure-roll 'r'fof concave face is provided, as shown inFigs. 2 and 4, to press the warp upon the convex feed-roll it, and thewarp is thus advanced under the tension produced by the pressure of thebar hat a suitable speed-,to space the rows of zigzag stitches which areformed by the needles 0". j I

In Fig. 4 an endless coil of wire, '0 (formed by welding or solderingtheends of the wire) is shown adjacent to the. right-hand side of thetrough-shaped, warp and embraced in and by the stitches at the marginofthe sewed warp at the left-hand side of the table I.

A row of oomb-teeth u is shown inFig. 2, extended across the table closeto the row of needles to separate the warp strands, and thus facilitatethepenetration of the needles between the same and spacing anddetermining the exact width of thefabric. To assist in the separation ofthe strands and in the passage of the needles between the same, a jet ofsteam is shown in Fig. 4', projected from the passage t upon the needlesand upon the warp adjacent to the comb.

By using an adhesive composition which is readily softened by heat andmoisture for -IlO stiffening and cementing the warp-strands thecompostion isreadily softened by a jet of steam, and the needles arethus enabled to operate freely, although the strands are held firmlycemented together .during their passage beneath the. tension-bar h andare thus compelled to feed forward in proportion to their distance fromthecenter of the trough shaped warp. The effect of thus feeding thestrands isto dispose the transverse rows of stitches a little fartherapart at the middle than atthe edges of the warp as shown in Fig. 2, thestitches forming a filling which serves the samepurpose as a wovenfilling in uniting the warp-strands and producing a strong andfirmly-united fabric. ;'lhev transverse rows of stitches may by thismeans be commenced at any transverse line, upon the warp which isflattened down upon the table I, the comb-teeth u being placed to applya filling to the warp-strands to connect the same together, as the valueof the product dependschiefly upon the. endless form of thewarp-strands, which gives each one the same strength throughout itsentire V circuit, and thus fits the shoe to resist the exwarp into troupansive force of 'the it is distended.

pneumatic. shoe by which- The invention embracesthe winding of'the sametransverse y durin the insertionof the transverse filling, whichgreatlyfacilitates the manufacture of the trough-shaped shoe, whether or notthe strands :be cemented to-g. gether by a soluble com ositioni I vemade a specific'claim to t e troug fisha d warp having its strandsor'coils ceme ted ,to-'

. gether at thein edges by an-adhesive compo-j sition, as such a warp isthedirect prodtfct of the process when the latter includes the rise of,an adhesive com osition.

cessive rows of transverse stitches closet0- gether, a dog to isprovided upon the guide M of the needle-bar to crowd the lower hingedport-ion of the needle-bar'forward whilethe dicated by dottwarp-strands, as ind lines a in Fig. 4, which moves the need es towardthe roll 1 and the needles are between the portion already stitched andcrowds the last row of stitching firmly against those previously made.Fig. 2 shows the lastrow before pressing the same forward. Thedog 'w ismounted upon a rock-shaft having an arm w, which is oscillated by a rodm and a cam m uponthe driving-shaft K. The tooth of the cam ac gives thedog and hinged portion of the needle-bar only a brief impulse, and theneedle-bar is then restoredito its normal position by the'spring'b,(shown in' Fig. 4, g

whichbacks' oil the needles and leaves the needles free to rise from thewarp, -'clear of the last row of stitches. This construction moves therow of needles forciblyagainst the previously-formed row of stitcheswhile the needles are between the strands and then removes the needlesfrom such row to retract them freely from the spaces betweenthe strands.The lateral connection oft e strands may be made still more positive,fore ewing bylaying a tape or tapes tr 'nsver ely h shape and flattemngthe i sis'ts in To compact t e filling and crowd the sucupon theexterior of the warp while the composition is soft enough to secure theadhesion of the ta e, which is then held in position by the harrfidn'ingof the composition. -A single tape 2 may be used by laying it in azigzag athback and forth across the outer side of t e trough-shapedwarp, as shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, and such tape can be readily peeledoff the warp as it approaches the presser h to be flattened upon thesewing-machinetable.

' t-is obvious that a circular warp cannot be' readily held in troughshape during a sewing or weavin operation nor readily operated uponunless attened and fed forward in the manner described above, and theseoperations are greatly facilitated by saturating the warp-strands with asubstance that wi 'stifienand cement them together, while leaving a warpsufficiently flex-i le to be progressive'ly flattened as it passes overthe sewingmachine table" and the strands separated just previous to theinsertion of the filling.

Such a process of making the troughshapedshoe permits the use of verycheap labor'in' winding the warp in the required form and the use ofautomatic machinery orfapplyi'ng'the filling thereto, and thus greatdegree. aving thus set forth the nature of the invention, what isclaimed herein is,'

1;. The \rocess of maki an endless troughshaped s trough-"shape withits. opening upon the inner side, second, flattening such trough upon atransverse line, and third, connecting the coils of the ,warp by atransverse filling.

, 2. The process of making an endless troughshaped shoe for pneumatictires, which consists infirst winding 'a warp into circular trough'shapewith its opening upon the inner side, second, supporting endless ringsof rigid material, as wire, at opposite edges of the trough, third,flattening such trough transversely into line with. the-periphery ofsuch voids the use of expensive hand-labor in a i be for pneumatic tireswhich confirst winding 0. warp into circular rings, and fourth,connecting such rings and the warp-coilsby a transverse filling.

3. The process of maki an endless troughshaped shoe for pneumatic tires,which consists in first winding a single continuous strand spirally intoa trough-shaped circular warp, second, flattening suohtroughupon atransverse line, and third, connecting the coils of the warp by atransverse filling.

4; The'process of maki anendless troughshaped shoe for pneumatic tires,which consists in first winding a single continuous cord spirally intoatrough-shaped circular warp, second, flattening such trough upon atrans verse line, third, separating longitudinally the cords of suchwarp transversely into a se ries of parallel groups, and fourth,connecting the cords by a transverse fillii 5; The process of making anendless trough shaped shoe for pneumatic tires, which consists infirstmoistening the circular strands ,with an adhesive cement orcomposition, sec' third, flattening such trough upona transverse line,fourth, separating the strands of such warp progressively upon alineacross the flattened portion, and fifth, connecting such separatedstrands progressivelyby a transverse filling.

6. The process of making an endless troughshaped shoe for pneumatictires, which consists in first winding the strands of'the warp intocircular trough shape and cementingithe strands together, second,flattening such trough upon a transverse line, third, separating thestrands of the warp upon aline' across the'fiattened portion, fourth,carrying stitching-threads between the strands thus separated andconnecting the stitches be' neath, the strands by a lock-thread.

7 The process of making ;an endless troughshaped shoe forpneumatictires, "which con-v sists in first saturating the warp-strands withasoluble composition adapted to stiffen and cementtogether the strands,second, winding the saturated warp, into circular trou h shape with itsopening upon the inner side, third, flattening such trough upon atrans-. verse line, fourth, softening the cementing material upon suchtransverse line, and fifth, progressivelyconnecting the coils of theWarp by a filling upon such transverse line.

8. The process of making an endless troughshaped shoe fonpneumatictires, which consists in first saturating the warp-strands with asoluble composition adapted to stifien and cement together the strands,second, winding the saturated warp into circular trough shape withitsopening upon the inner side, third, flattening such trough upon atrans-' verse line, fourth, separating the strands of the warp into aseries of parallel groups progressively, fifth, projecting steam againstthe warp along such transverse line to soften the cementing material,and sixth, connecting the strands progressively by a filling upon suchtransverse line.

9. The process of making an endless troughshaped shoe for pneumatictires, which consists in first saturating the Warp-strands with asoluble composition ada ted to stiffen and cement together the stran 5,second, Winding the saturated strand spirally into a troughshapedcircular warp, third, flattening such trough upona transverse line,fourth, softening the cementingmaterial upon such transverse linc, andseparating the strands on such line, fifth, supporting endless Wirerings at the margin of the spftened portion, and sixth, progressivelyconnecting such rin and the warp-strands by a permanent filing uponsuch. transverse line.

10. The process of making a tire-shoe with endless warp, which consistsfirst in passing the cord for the strands through a soluble compositionand through a die to remove the excess of the composition, second,winding the cordcontinuously and spirally in a serrgs of strands mto atrough shaped circular warp, with the strandscoherent at their edges,third, flattening such trough upon a transverse line, and fourth,connecting the strands progressively by a permanent transverse filhng. j

, 11. The process of making a tire-shoe with endless warp, whichconsists first in passing the cords for the strands through a solublecomposition and through a die to remove the excess of the composition,second, winding the cord continuously and spirally in a series ofstrands into a trough-shaped circular warp, with the strands coherent attheir edgesfthird, flattening such trough upon atransverseline,fourth,projectingsteam upon theflattened warp on suchtransverse line t soften the composition, andv :fifth, progressivelyconnecting the strands by a permanent filling where thus softened.

12'. Theprocess of making a tire-shoe with endless warp and transversefilling of zigzag stitches, which consists first'ln passing the cord forthe strands through a soluble composition, second,'.winding the cordcontinu ously and spirally, in a series of strands, into a-'troughfshaped circular Warp with the strands coherent at their edges,third, flat tening such trough on a transverse line and supporting theflattened portion below a transverse row of'stitching-ncedles, fourth,

projecting steam upon such needles and. upon the flattened warp tosoften the composition, fifth, separating the warp-strands in linewiththe stitching positions of the needles, and sixth, extending zigzagstitches back and forth across the warp-strands, and connecting ,theloops of such stitches beneath the strands.

13. Th process of making a tire-shoe with endless warp, which consistsin first saturat ing the cord for the war strands with a solublecomposition, secon forming, such cord,

in a series of adjacent circular strands, into a trough-shaped circularwarp with the edges of the strands coherent, third, attaching a tape ina zigzag path across the outer side of the trough-shaped warp, fourth,flattening such trough upon a transverse line, and .lilth, connectingthe strands by a permanent filling upon such transverse line.

let. The )rocess of makin a tire-shoe with endless warp, which consistsin first forming strands into a trough-shaped circular warp andcementing them together by a soluble composition, second, connectingsuch strands progressively by a transverse filling, and third, washingthe cementing material out of the fabric.

15. The process of making a tire-shoe with endless warp, which consistsin first forming strands into a trough-shapedcircular warp and cementingthem together, second, flat tening such trough upon a transverse lineand forming a stitched filling across the warp upon suohtransverse line,and third, feeding the warp forward with a greater speed at the middlethan atthe edges of the flattened ortionywhe'reby the transverse rows offiling are spaced in accordance with the-trough shape of the shoe.

16. The process of making a tire-shoe with endlesswarp, which consistsin first forming strands-into a trough-shaped circular warp andcementing-them together, second, flattoning such trough upon. atransverse line and formlng a stitched filling across the warp upon suchtransverse llne, and thlrd, feedlng the warp forward with a greaterspeed at the middle than at the edges of the flattened portion andholding back the warp with suitable tension for applying the transversefilling.

L7. The process of making a tire-shoe with endless warp and transversefilling'of zigzag stitches, which consists in first forming strands intoa trough-shaped circular warp,

such row. to -retract them freely from the strands. v

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

Witnesses]: L; LEE, THOMAS S. CRANE.

continuously strands, and then removing the needles from' "second,flattening such trough oIr"a'-t1ans- JOHN WESLEY HYATT.

